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The richest people in Cairo, Egypt are the residents of some of the most high profile and well-developed neighborhoods in the city. Such locations are characterized by exclusive venues, posh villas, luxurious facilities and high-end infrastructure. They are exclusive as well as comfortable and tend to serve business elites, celebrities, diplomats, and people with high net worths. The richest people in Cairo live in the places mentioned below in detail, with what draws them to the identified locations. Zamalek Zamalek is one of the oldest and most elite neighborhoods of Cairo that is situated on an island of the Nile River. Zamalek is full of tree-lined streets, foreign embassies, art galleries, and stylish new hotels with old-fashioned images of the city and the air of cosmopolitanism. Lots of upper classes of Cairo, as well as foreigners, prefer to have their residence here because of the central location and richness of culture. Luxury apartments overlooking the Nile They are near downtown Cairo Very safe and sound environment This is perfect in the case of diplomats, artists, as well as professionals Maadi Another top suburb is Maadi, located in southern Cairo. It is very much in demand with the expatriates and among upper middle class families. Locally known to be green, the roads are wide with colonial villas. There are several international schools, clubs and embassies here. Attractive and quiet neighborhood Family friendly environment Modern apartments and luxury homes A good community and privacy With several expat communities residing in it New Cairo & Fifth settlement The greater Cairo area and in particular New Cairo or the Fifth settlement (El Tagamoa El Khames) have recently become a luxury residential destination. The area, which emerged in the 2000s with the purpose of decreasing the traffic in central Cairo, also encompasses the following private compounds: Qatameya heights (golf course and villas) The Waterway, Lake view, Swan Lake, Stella Galleria Moon Valley and Villette among other places These closed communities have up-market security systems, sporting facilities, international schools, shopping malls, and beautifully built houses. New Cairo is ideal for families seeking modern infrastructure and a quieter lifestyle but not at the expense of the number of amenities. 6th of October city West of Cairo, 6th of October City is another upscale zone where many wealthy individuals reside. It's known for being home to some of Egypt’s most exclusive gated compounds, such as: Palm Hills New Giza Rabwa Allegria by SODIC These developments present golf courses, luxury villas, lakes, sports clubs and International schools. The city attracts business men, real estate investors and families who seek space and privacy and modernity at the expense of the traffic around the center of Cairo. Heliopolis & Nasr city The city of Heliopolis has a whole European style of the city and was built in the early 20 th century with its historic aura. Being more concrete than New Cairo or 6th of October, it also contains a significant figure of rich citizens, a rife of long-established families with deep roots. Prestigious villas and old mansions Close to Cairo International Airport Nearby shopping centers and government buildings Adjacent to Heliopolis, Nasr City is also a thriving upper-middle-class area with pockets of luxury real estate and well-developed infrastructure. Other notable areas: Rehab, Madinaty, and Orabi Gated cities such as Rehab, Madinaty and Orabi which are further away from central Cairo are becoming popular with the high income earners. They are master planned communities which come as a full-fledged lifestyle package including residential units, malls, medical centers, schools and green parks catering the urban needs of those individuals who desire to live in a suburb but want the complete urban lifestyle. In summary The most prosperous residents in Cairo also prefer to buy those places that mix security, privacy, luxury, and convenience. It could be the historical beauty of Zamalek, the lush green life in Maadi, the luxury compound 21st-century in New Cairo and 6 th of October; as each place will provide a designed life of the Egyptian elite. In case you want to relocate to or invest in real estate development in Cairo, these are the most preferable and value-added provinces in the capital.

Speaking about ancient Egypt, the majority of people are ready to hear about the gold treasures, mummies, and hieroglyphs. However, the archaeologists have unearthed a few really weird and surprising things hidden in the Egyptian tombs over the years -things that are definitely beyond extraordinary. What then is the strangest thing to have been discovered in a tomb in Egypt? So, here are some of the most bizarre things ever found in the country of pharaohs 100 percent on the basis of the fact, historical background, and archeological observations. A dagger made from Meteorite (King Tutankhamun’s tomb) The dagger that was buried with King Tutankhamun is perhaps the most mysterious and otherworldly item that has ever been placed in an Egyptian tomb. At the time of its discovery, it had appeared to be a simply exquisitely made weapon. However, when scientists examined this more closely, they found that the metal in the dagger was not of this earth - it was composed of extraterrestrial iron, most probably a meteorite that crashed earth many thousands of years ago. The dagger was put right on the body of the young king, maybe to guard him in the next world. Its construction and heavenly pedigree point to the religious nature of the ancient Egyptian people -and their capacity to utilize rare and secretive materials years before contemporary science. Mummified stillborn fetuses Within the tomb of king Tutankhamun, archaeologists discovered two mummified stillborn fetuses, who were possibly his daughters. Though the ancient Egyptians did mummify high-status people and animals, it is very odd to encounter the preserved remains of infants in a royal tomb. Presumably, these little mummies were to keep the young pharaoh company in the afterlife, as the Egyptian philosophical tradition strongly believes that the soul does not stop its existence after death, taking with it the family, the property and the servants. A Mummified cat in a Priestess’s tomb Ancient Egyptian culture considered cats as sacred animals and usually linked them with the goddess Bastet. In Saqqara, archaeologists have found mummified cats buried near or with humans, suggesting strong symbolic or personal ties, though detailed records of specific priestesses like 'Tamit' are scarce. While cat mummification was common in ancient Egypt, it was unusual to find one buried together with a human, suggesting a special symbolic or personal relationship between the priestess and the animal. This gives the idea of some particular relation between the priestess and the animal, or maybe, some additional symbolism related to her ritual in religious life. An Etruscan book wrapped around a Mummy The Liber Linteus, the only known linen book written in Etruscan, was later discovered wrapped around a mummy likely prepared for 19th-century export, suggesting a unique case of historical repurposing rather than a native Egyptian burial. This book, called the Liber Linteus Zagrebiensis, proved to be a religious calendar - the only linen book in the world to have survived. How a Etruscan manuscript came to be in Egypt is a mystery to everyone, though the linkage of the two ancient cultures is an interesting tale. Boats, board games, and throwing sticks Ancient Egyptians also believed that life did not end with death and a lot of tombs incorporate the belief in inventive manners. The builder of the Great Pyramid, pharaoh Khufu, was entombed with a full-sized 144-foot boat — presumably to sail in the afterlife. The throwing sticks (used to hunt birds), board games (perhaps variations on Senet or Mehen) and even foodstuffs (grapes, melons and barley) were included in the tomb of King Tutankhamun. They may not be called odd, but these objects provide a very personal and human insight into what the Egyptians considered the most important things in life - and what they wanted to possess after death. Curses and magic spells Certain tombs, especially royal tombs, bear inscriptions threatening those who would disturb the dead. The idea of “curses” may seem superstitious, but a great number of ancient Egyptians did believe in protective spells that would help to safeguard their soul and their possessions. These inscriptions were not simply intended to warn away grave robbers; these were thought to possess actual power in the underworld. Final thoughts And what is the most strange thing in an Egyptian tomb? The solution may be the meteorite dagger, the Etruscan book, the mummified cat, the infant mummies, - each is unique, and startling, and illustrative in its manner. And these findings do not only remind of the material prosperity of ancient Egypt, but also of the highly spiritual and symbolic reality in which the Egyptians believed. Death to them was not the end, but the start of the new journey, with all the familiar comfort, protection, and mystery. And with the help of modern archaeology, we are allowed to uncover the parts of that mystery, one tomb at a time.

When you are packing your bags to go on a vacation to Egypt, viewing the Great Pyramids of Giza must be on your list of the best experiences ever and why not do that as you relax in your hotel room or balcony? Fortunately a number of hotels in Giza, just outside Cairo, have superb and in some hotels, you can enjoy the view from your room or balcony — but be sure to book a room explicitly marked as 'Pyramid View', as not all rooms offer this feature. If you are hoping to marvel at the great pyramids of Egypt or just enjoy a good stay, we shall in this guide outlay the best hotels that have the best views of the pyramids to base on the real reviews of the guest response among the rest of the other factors such as location and money worth so that you have a stay to remember in Egypt. Marriott Mena House Best luxury hotel with a direct pyramid view Location: Just a few minutes’ walk from the Pyramids. View: Unbeatable. Many rooms have direct views of the Great Pyramid of Khufu, especially those with garden terraces or balconies. Highlights: 5-star service and security. Beautiful garden and pool area. Rich historical background — Winston Churchill and Agatha Christie once stayed here. Who it’s for: Travelers looking for a luxury experience with world-class comfort and iconic views. Book a “Pyramid View Room” specifically — not all rooms have a view. Pyramids View Inn Best budget hotel with rooftop views Location: Directly across from the Giza Plateau entrance. View: Spectacular panoramic rooftop view of the Pyramids and Sphinx. Highlights: Rooftop free breakfast. Really amicable personnel and custom service. Cheap levels (excellent in case of backpackers or economical traveller). Who it’s for: Travelers who want a budget-friendly hotel with an unbeatable view. It’s a basic hotel — don’t expect luxury, but the view and hospitality are exceptional for the price. Egypt Pyramids Inn Great mid-range option with pyramid-facing rooms Location: Steps from the Sphinx entrance gate. View: Some rooms and the rooftop provide close-up views of the Sphinx and Pyramids, especially magical at sunrise and sunset. Highlights: Rooftop dining area. Clean and simple rooms. Airport pickup available. Who it’s for: Couples or solo travelers seeking a balance between comfort and affordability. Nine Pyramids View Hotel One of the newest hotels with full panoramic views Location: Within walking distance of the Giza complex. View: Rooftop restaurant and many rooms offer a full pyramid skyline view. Highlights: Clean, modern design. Rooftop breakfast and dinner available. Warm and helpful staff. Who it’s for: Visitors looking for modern comfort and panoramic photo ops. Panorama Pyramids Inn Cozy inn with unbeatable rooftop scenery Location: Located right in front of the Sphinx entrance. View: For the best rooftop experience, consider visiting between October and April when the weather is pleasant. Highlights: Excellent hospitality. Simple rooms, great for short stays. Great for watching the pyramids light up at night. Who it’s for: Budget travelers and photographers who want non-stop pyramid views. Final thoughts: Which hotel is best? However, reserve a room well in advance, especially in peak season, and ask to be given a pyramid-view room, should there be one, whichever hotel you stay in. It is a lifetime experience to wake up and see the pyramids and this makes your visit to Egypt truly memorable.

Yes, wondering whether there exist good places to study in Cairo, Egypt, the answer is certainly yes. The mixed Cairo culture, education, and bright city life present a vast opportunity of places where students and working people may seek silent and effective working conditions. You want a proper academic institution to work in or a relaxed cafe, it has it all. Universities and educational institutions If you are looking for structured academic programs, Cairo is home to several highly reputable universities, each with its own specializations: Cairo University: One of Egypt’s largest and oldest public universities. It offers a wide range of undergraduate and postgraduate programs in sciences, humanities, and engineering. The American University in Cairo (AUC): A private university known for high academic standards, located in New Cairo with a historic campus in Tahrir Square. It offers programs in arts, sciences, business, and engineering. German University in Cairo (GUC) and British University in Egypt (BUE): Both provide internationally aligned curricula, focusing on fields like business, engineering, and IT. Al-Azhar University: Globally known for Islamic studies but also provides education in sciences, medicine, and humanities. CILAS không còn đào tạo các chương trình dài hạn chính quy, nhưng vẫn hoạt động và thường xuyên tổ chức workshop, lớp học ngắn hạn và sự kiện cộng đồng về humanities, philosophy, arts. These institutions are perfect if you're looking to pursue long-term academic study. Libraries and cultural centers The Information Resource Center (IRC) at the U.S. Embassy in Cairo offers a quiet study environment with academic resources. However, access requires prior appointment, and strict security protocols apply, including restrictions on bringing personal electronics. Opening Hours: 10 AM – 4 PM (Closed on Fridays and Saturdays). Security Rules: No electronic devices allowed inside (including headphones). You can leave your phone at the gate, and MacBooks are available inside for use. It’s quiet, structured, and full of research material — an excellent place for serious studying. Bibliotheca Alexandrina nằm ở Alexandria, cách Cairo khoảng 2-3 tiếng đi xe. Dù không thuận tiện cho việc học hàng ngày của người sống tại Cairo, nhưng là điểm đến tuyệt vời cho nghiên cứu nếu bạn ghé thăm Alexandria. Coworking spaces in Cairo If you're not enrolled in a university and prefer a quiet, professional environment, coworking spaces are a solid choice. They're modern, flexible, and perfect for freelancers, students, or remote workers. Prices at coworking spaces and cafes may vary, especially with recent inflation. Always check updated prices in advance or via their social media pages. Offers Wi-Fi and hot drinks. Ali Coworking, The District, and Urban Station are also popular depending on your area. Coworking spaces are ideal if you want productivity without the distractions of a cafe. Cafes for Studying in Cairo Many people in Cairo love to study or work from cafes. Here are some reliable spots: Cilantro Cafe (El Balad) – Near AUC Tahrir campus. There's a cozy study space above the cafe called El Balad. Booklet in Dokki – A hidden gem. It plays calm music, charges only 10–15 EGP as a minimum, has a lovely balcony, books you can read, and Wi-Fi, food, and drinks available. Take the metro to Al-Dokki and walk toward Cairo University. Beanos, Starbucks, and Costa Coffee – Convenient and widespread, though Wi-Fi strength varies by location. If you want a cozy atmosphere mixed with culture, check out: Falak Bookstore Sufi Cafe Bikya (cafe and bookstore combo) These spots often have events, live music, or book readings, adding a unique touch to your study experience. Tips for studying in Cairo Test a few spots to find the one that fits your routine, budget, and internet needs. Consider noise levels: Some cafes are more social, while others are quiet. Always ask about Wi-Fi availability and check the minimum charge before settling in. Conclusion And thus, is there a place to study in Cairo, Egypt? Absolutely. Libraries? Coworking? Cafe? University - no matter what kind of learner or remote worker you are - in Cairo, you can find flexible, cheap and motivating coworking, study or studying spaces. Move around and establish yourself in places where you feel you are most effective.

Planning a visit to Alexandria, Egypt gives you a taste of old history, Mediterranean style and thriving local communities. Since pyramids aren’t found here, Alexandria is a different experience than the other places, thanks to its culture and coastal attractions. A guide filled with highlights and insights on the best things to see and do in Alexandria is coming up. Start your morning by the sea Try breakfast at one of Alexandria’s many GAD locations for authentic Egyptian dishes like falafel, foul, and fresh bread. While not all branches are by the water, you can enjoy a hearty, local start to your day. Reach there early to choose a table by the water and eat freshly baked Egyptian bread, falafel, foul and other typical dishes for breakfast. Walking is a great way to relax and get ready for what lies ahead. Take a scenic walk along the Corniche You can find Alexandria’s Corniche right on the sea, enjoying amazing sights of the Mediterranean. You’ll find that Alexandria’s air is much cleaner and the place is more laid back than in Cairo. The beaches make the perfect spot for jogging or walking and you’ll immediately sense a calm atmosphere and refreshing sea breeze. Visit Montaza palace and gardens You should make sure to see the Montaza Palace complex. The huge area is home to royal palaces, flowery gardens and paths between trees, reminiscent of a forest in Egyptian terms. Photos, picnics and walks are perfect activities for this weather. Because its peaceful gardens and sea views make Montaza one of the most beautiful places to relax in Alexandria. Try the freshest seafood by the harbor When spending time in Alexandria, you ought to enjoy its famous seafood. If fish, shrimp or calamari is what you’re craving, head to one of the many local favorites by the harbor in Bahary or Stanley — such as the popular Fish Market or Ibn Hamido — known for their fresh catches and coastal views. Explore downtown Mansheya and Raml station Make time to stroll around Mansheya and Raml Station in Downtown Alexandria, as there you’ll spot historical sites, attractive leather items and delightful small shops. Pay a visit to Zan’et El Setat which is a traditional market for women, but remember to speak a little Arabic if you’d like to get the full experience. Visit the Citadel of Qaitbay The Citadel of Qaitbay was built at the place where the ancient Lighthouse of Alexandria once stood and it now gives visitors impressive views of the Mediterranean Sea. History fans must visit this place and the shops have plenty of nice souvenirs and beautiful photos. Discover the bibliotheca Alexandrina Bibliotheca Alexandrina ranks among the most impressive modern libraries in the world, with a mission to revive the spirit of the ancient Library of Alexandria. Step back in time at the Roman amphitheatre The Roman Theatre in Kom El-Dikka is one of the last remaining Roman ruins in Egypt. This archaeological site includes mosaic floors, Roman baths, and lecture halls, offering a window into the city’s ancient past. Enjoy local ice cream in Bahary Alexandria locals swear by the simple but tasty ice cream cones from Nezamy or Al-Sheikh Wafik in the Bahary district. It’s a nostalgic and delicious treat — far better than any chain-brand dessert shop. Experience Alexandria’s nightlife While not as vibrant as Cairo or Sharm El-Sheikh, Alexandria’s nightlife offers a few cozy pubs and sea-view spots where locals and expats unwind. Options include: Club 35 (Hilton Montaza) The Pint Pub (Romance Hotel) Calithea Pub (Raml Station) Club House at Bianki – a villa-turned-club by the sea (go with a local!) Final tips Visit in winter for the best experience. The weather is cool, the crowds are fewer, and the Mediterranean views are at their most serene. Whether you’re into history, food, or simply a peaceful coastal vibe, Alexandria has plenty to offer.

Alexandria in Egypt does not have any ancient pyramids. It’s important to note that the Great Pyramid of Giza, located near Cairo about 220 kilometers south of Alexandria, is not part of Alexandria’s historical landmarks. At the same time, Alexandria offers many historical and cultural attractions that express its unique cultural heritage. Alexandria’s architectural landscape Being built in 331 BCE by Alexander the Great, Alexandria quickly grew into a principal city of Greek culture. Although the ancient Egyptian cities were known for their pyramids, Alexandria’s architecture was mainly Greek and Roman. Many people associate the city with its rich Greco-Roman history which is found in the Catacombs of Kom El Shoqafa and the Roman Amphitheatre at Kom El Dikka. The bibliotheca Alexandrina: The "Fourth Pyramid" There have never been traditional ancient pyramids in Alexandria, but many compare the new Bibliotheca Alexandrina to the “Fourth Pyramid” of Egypt. In 2002, the building was created to pay tribute to the ancient Library of Alexandria, one of the biggest libraries of the old world. While not an actual pyramid, the Bibliotheca Alexandrina is sometimes poetically referred to as the “Fourth Pyramid” due to its monumental cultural significance and innovative design that connects past, present, and future knowledge. Nearby Pyramids: Giza and Beyond To admire ancient Egyptian pyramids, it is best to visit the Giza Pyramid Complex which is in the vicinity of Cairo. All of the UNESCO sites included here are the Great Pyramid of Khufu, the Pyramid of Khafre and the Pyramid of Menkaure. One more important spot is the Pyramid of Djoser at Saqqara which is thought to be the first major stone building in Egypt. Many people visit these places by choosing an organized tour or doing a 2-3-hour drive from Alexandria. Alexandria's unique historical significance Even without pyramids, Alexandria is significant in the history of Egypt. Deemed a created wonder, the Lighthouse of Alexandria stood next to the first Library of Alexandria which were crucial spots for education and study. Tourists have the option to see the Citadel of Qaitbay at the ancient lighthouse site and check out the Bibliotheca Alexandrina which upholds the traditions of the original library. Conclusion Even though Alexandria has no ancient pyramids, it still includes many attractions that reflect its heritage and culture. The city, from its modern library to its historic Greek and Roman sites, tells the story of how many cultures have merged to affect it. Witnessing Egypt’s famous pyramids can be done in the Cairo area which also offers exciting attractions along with the experiences of Alexandria.

When you consider the prices, Alexandria, Egypt is affordable, especially more than many places in the West. Still, being cheap with travel largely depends on your personal needs, expectations and expenditure. Here is a clear and accurate estimation of the costs in Alexandria. Cost of living in Alexandria Housing Housing in Alexandria is relatively low-cost, but varies depending on location and quality. The price of a 1-bedroom apartment in downtown Alexandria is usually between $200 and $400 each month, depending on the location and condition. Apartments in less central areas can cost under $200, though quality and availability vary significantly. An apartment with two bedrooms in a good neighborhood might cost you around $300 to $350 each month. While Alexandria is generally affordable, its cost of living can be similar to or even higher than mid-tier neighborhoods in Cairo—especially in premium coastal districts like Roushdy or San Stefano. Meanwhile, some suburban areas of Cairo, such as 6th of October or Nasr City, may offer lower housing costs for comparable units. To put things in perspective, the average monthly income for many Egyptians working in service or clerical jobs ranges from $150 to $300. This makes affordability a relative term—while certain prices seem low to foreigners, they may still be significant for local residents. Food & Groceries Alexandria offers affordable food options, especially if you shop at local markets or eat at local restaurants: A meal at a local eatery: $2 to $5 Fast food (e.g., Big Mac meal): $5 to $6 A bottle of water: $0.25 Weekly groceries from local markets: $15 to $30, depending on diet Imported or Western goods are more expensive, so your grocery bill could rise if you prefer international brands. Transportation Public transportation in Alexandria is very cheap but may be difficult to navigate for newcomers: Public transport (bus or tram): ~$0.25 per ride Taxi base fare: ~$0.70 to $1, then around $0.50 per km Ride-sharing services (like Uber/Careem) are available and affordable. Utilities Residents pay for utilities such as electricity, water, gas, and garbage collection monthly. Costs typically range from $50 to $100, though electricity bills can exceed this during the hot summer months due to air conditioning use. Many Alexandrians say they pay more for electricity than do residents in Cairo as summer months bring extra expenses for AC. Healthcare Medical care for the public is both available and affordable. Paying for private healthcare costs more and gives you a higher-quality service. A simple appointment is usually between $10 and $30, while additional treatments might cost more. Lifestyle & Extras Entertainment Entertainment is reasonably priced: Cinema ticket: around $5 Dining out at mid-range restaurants: ~$10–15 per person Western Lifestyle Costs If you rely heavily on imported goods or luxury services, the cost of living will rise. Western food products, alcohol (where available), and electronics are often marked up significantly. Estimated monthly budget for a single person in Alexandria (USD) Expense category Estimated cost Rent (1-bedroom, mid-range) $250–350 Groceries (local markets) $80–120 Transportation (mix of taxi & public) $30–50 Utilities (electricity, gas, water) $60–100 Internet & Phone $20–30 Healthcare (occasional) $20–40 Dining out & entertainment $50–100 Total (approximate) $510–790 Note: Costs vary depending on lifestyle, location, and reliance on imported goods. Conclusion: Is it cheap? If you live modestly, use local services, and shop locally, Alexandria can be very affordable. However, it is not necessarily cheaper than Cairo — and in some aspects (like rent in good areas or electricity bills), it may even cost more.

This phrase means that the development of Egyptian culture was closely tied to the Nile River. Their history, the way their land is set up and their culture have woven together Egypt and the Nile to the point where Egypt’s greatness would not have been possible without the river—though its rise as a civilization also depended on social organization, innovation, and religious identity. Here, you'll find out the precise reason this statement is so well known. The Nile gave birth to Egyptian civilization The ancient Egyptian civilization started and thrived riverside the Nile. Because of the nearby desert in the Upper Nile Valley, the local area provided the only fertile land available for people, farms and a great kingdom. Without the Nile, Egypt would be nothing more than arid desert, as the surrounding Sahara offers no support for sustained civilization. Fertile land and annual flooding Beginning in July, the Nile’s annual flooding reached its peak in August and receded by late September, covering the land with nutrient-rich silt. This rich black soil (known as kemet), deposited after the floodwaters receded, was excellent for growing crops like barley and vegetables. Egypt itself was often called the “Gift of the Nile”. Thanks to agriculture, the Egyptians had enough to eat, their numbers grew and they formed a regular society. For the ancient Egyptians, the god Hapi was associated with their floods, as he was prayed to for a good harvest. The Nile was considered more than a river; it was considered divine by ancient Egyptians. A natural highway As well as agriculture, the Nile was important for the movement of people and goods. The river was used by boats to move people, resources and products up and down its banks. Thanks to the river, Egypt was divided into Upper and Lower regions, remained in contact with people who lived far from its cities and was able to do business with African and Mediterranean cultures. A lifeline then and now The Nile is still at the heart of life in Egypt. The largest cities in Egypt, Cairo and Giza, are both right beside the Nile. The Nile helps support drinking water, irrigation and sanitation for nearly all Egyptians, who still make their homes near its banks. Cultural and historical identity In terms of religion, money and power, the Nile was vital to identity for the Egyptians. The river was surrounded by many temples, monuments and cities. The constant need to restore flood-damaged land boundaries led later Egyptians to develop tools such as geometry. As a result, Egypt is completely tied to the Nile through history, showing how much it relies on the river. By contrast, “the Nile is Egypt” means that no other place has been so profoundly formed by just one river. Conclusion While Egypt is not just the Nile and the Nile isn’t the only part of Egypt, the phrase points to history: the Nile supported the creation, growth, culture and survival of the Egyptians. If it didn’t exist, none of today’s or ancient Egypt would have ever been created. That is the reason we often say Egypt is the Nile and the Nile is Egypt.

Egypt’s culture and traditions are guided by religion, history and the customs of many regions. No matter if you plan to stay just a short time or longer, being aware of local taboos helps you avoid hurting anyone by mistake. There are several taboos that are very important in Egyptian society. Public displays of affection Kissing or hugging someone of the other gender in public places is thought by most to be improper. While it is generally fine to walk holding hands in Cairo, openly kissing and cuddling is considered very inappropriate, especially in the country’s rural areas and among traditional leaders. Women’s dress and behavior In Egypt, being modest is something very important. Despite women in cities often choosing jeans and short-sleeved tops, wearing shorts, mini skirts, or revealing clothing is generally frowned upon in public—though this varies by region. In coastal resort areas like Hurghada or Sharm El Sheikh, such outfits are more widely accepted among tourists and locals working in tourism. In some places, people might react very negatively if they see a woman smoking or drinking in public. Talking about sex or LGBTQ+ topics In most places, speaking about sex or LGBTQ+ rights is considered off-limits in public or with people you don’t know well. While Egypt does not have laws that explicitly criminalize LGBTQ+ identity, there are no legal protections either. In some cases, individuals have been prosecuted under vague morality or public decency laws, making this a highly sensitive topic both socially and legally. Even though it’s possible for some Egyptians to talk about these things in private, it’s important to avoid them unless you can sense your audience is ready. The conservative population often finds it offensive or shameful to even mention these subjects. Photography without permission Ask for consent before you take someone’s picture, paying particular attention to taking portraits of women, children or religious landmarks. You are not allowed to photograph military or government buildings and doing so could have legal ramifications. Eating and drinking during Ramadan For the month of Ramadan, Muslims refrain from eating or drinking from the first light of day until sunset. Anyone not fasting should not eat, drink or smoke in public during the daytime. For the first part of the day, many places will be shut, so eat discreetly in private if you're not fasting, to show respect. Using the left hand Egyptian tradition sees the left hand as unclean because it is used for cleansing the body. Whenever you have food, pass something or greet someone, use your right hand. Criticizing religion or government Both their religion and how they feel about their country are serious matters to Egyptians. Don’t make negative comments about Islam, the Quran, mosques or Egypt’s political figures. Statements like these can hurt the feelings of locals and, in the worst situation, get a person in trouble. Personal and financial questions It may feel too private to inquire about another person’s income, age or their marital status. At first, keep the topics general such as food, sports or sightseeing, until the person wants to talk about something else. Visible tattoos and piercings When symbols or messages on a tattoo attract notice, many conservative people or those in faith might consider them negative. As tattoos become more common among young Egyptians, it’s still best to cover them when you attend formal or traditional occasions. Final thoughts Cultural taboos exist in different forms depending on a person’s region, class and contact with the outside world. Younger, well-off Egyptians in cities are often more open-minded, but rural or more traditional generations are more likely to think conservatively. Noticing and being respectful of these differences will allow you to build greater connections and make sure there are no misunderstandings while in Egypt.

Although ancient Egypt—whose people referred to their land as Kemet, meaning "the Black Land" in reference to the fertile Nile soil contrasting with the surrounding desert (Deshret, "the Red Land")—was a highly advanced civilization, some abilities were still extremely uncommon there. Glassworking is one of the rare and valuable crafts in these ancient traditions. Glassworking: A rare and specialized art Though some glass was made, making glass in ancient Egypt was usually reserved for elite workshops and was believed to be a rare and specialized craft. Glass never replaced more utilitarian materials like pottery or stoneware, and remained a luxury medium reserved for elite objects and ornamentation. As a result, it was mostly used to create small delicate things like beads, amulets, inlays and containers for make-up. The difficulty stemmed from the complex technology and a lack of proper materials. High temperatures of up to 1,000°C were needed, and consistent heat control was difficult with ancient furnace technology. Only trained artisans with elite patronage had access to these facilities. Glass workshops discovered at Amarna confirm that, under royal patronage, glass artisans were rare and usually worked near those in power. Because their products were so refined, they were sometimes included in the graves of the elite, indicating how rare these glass artisans were. Why rare skills emerged in Kemet Being able to do glasswork was possible in ancient Egypt thanks to its unique environment. The predictability of the Nile’s flooding provided agricultural stability, which allowed specialization in non-agricultural crafts—though political and external threats still existed. Copper and bronze tools, sourced from the Sinai and other regions, were used extensively in ancient Egypt before iron became common during the Late Period. Their strong technology, coupled with their natural security, made Egypt prosperous for many generations—in fact, this was great for fostering unusual and valuable craftwork. A culture built to preserve Preserving cultural values was a main priority for the society of Kemet. In contrast to cultures where funerary practices involved cremation or simpler grave goods, Egyptians emphasized bodily preservation and monumental construction as a path to the afterlife. They brought this attitude to their buildings, artworks and writings. Making use of papyrus from the Nile Delta, literacy grew, so texts and inscriptions were found on monuments, tombs and walls that continue to exist. Conclusion Although ancient Egypt was adept at many disciplines, glassworking was a specialty that very few people possessed. A combination of technical knowledge, creativity and access to unique materials and tools meant that this was a skill only a few performed. Because of Egypt’s special environment and culture, they left behind wonderful artifacts that continue to amaze historians today.